ABSTRACT
La tomografía computarizada cuantitativa (QCT) es una técnica de medición real de la densidad ósea (DMO), en forma volumétrica (g/cm3) mediante ROI (región de interés), sin interferencias propias ni externas en el esqueleto axial o periférico. Otros métodos, tales como DXA (de las siglas inglesas Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) sólo proporcionan estimaciones en proyección de la densidad ósea, generando sus resultados en proyección de área (g/cm3), no proporcionando un verdadero valor de la profundidad de la región. La atenuación ultrasónica, tasa de transmisión del ultrasonido (US) sólo pueden reflejar la arquitectura ósea. Esto concluye que la tomografía computarizada cuantitativa (QCT) proporciona predicciones válidas de la masa ósea trabecular, cortical y volumétrica, y de la capacidad mecánica del hueso, con la posibilidad de medición muscular regional (LRM) de gran importancia para la evaluación de la relación músculo/hueso.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Density/physiology , Densitometry/methods , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , Jaw Diseases , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Absorptiometry, Photon/methods , Evaluation Studies as Topic/methods , Spine , Osteoporosis/diagnosisABSTRACT
La biopsia-punción ósea ( Core needle biopsy, CNB) es un procedimiento de probada utilidad en el diagnóstico delesiones óseas. Sin embargo, no es una técnica de uso frecuente en las lesiones de los maxilares. La finalidad de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia del método de CNB en una serie de casosde lesiones intramaxilares. Se realizaron CNB en 85 pacientes con lesiones intraóseas, las cuales fueron agrupadas según su aspecto radiográfico en lesiones radiopacas ( RO, n=13), lesiones radiolucidas (RL,n=39) y lesiones mixtas con sectores radiolúcidos y radiopacos (RL-RO, n=33). La técnica permitió obtener varios cilindros de tejido de cada lesión ( promedio: 2.5 cilindros) los cualesfueron procesados según técnica histopatológica de rutina con tinción de H&E y técnicas especiales en los casos en que fueron necesarias. El análisis de los cuadros histopatológicos conjuntamente con los datos clínicos, permitió realizar un un diagnóstico de certeza (AD) en el 81por ciento de los casos y un diagnostico descriptivo (DD) en el 14 por ciento. En el 5 por ciento de los casos el material obtenido no fue adecuado para su estudio (ND) Ladiferencia entre los casos de CNB exitosa y no exitosa (DD+ND) es estadisticamente significativa. El mayor porcentaje de CBN exitosas correspondió a las lesiones RO y RL-RO (85 por ciento y 100 por ciento respectivamente) Las lesiones RL presentaron mayor dificultad debido a que, en su mayoría, eran lesiones quísticas con contenido líquido...
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy, Needle/methods , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , Histological Techniques , Argentina , Biopsy, Needle/statistics & numerical data , Jaw Diseases/classification , Jaw Diseases/epidemiology , Jaw Diseases , Schools, Dental , Data Interpretation, StatisticalSubject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/complications , Jaw Diseases/etiology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica/etiology , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , Jaw Diseases/surgery , Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica/diagnosis , Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica/surgery , Parathyroidectomy , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
A radiologia é ferramenta essencial no diagnóstico bucal e tem apresentado evoluções tecnológicas que permitem o planejamento e tratamento em Odontologia. A tomografia computadorizada volumétrica de feixe cônico (cone-beam computed tomography ou CBCT) apresenta vantagens relacionadas com a baixa dose de radiação e alta definição das lesões maxilomandibulares.O cisto de Stafne ou defeito ósseo lingual mandibular é mais frequente na região posterior, abaixo do canal mandibular e pode ser visualizado pela CBCT. Relatos dos casos: são analisados dois casos clínico-radiográficos de pacientes com diagnóstico de defeito ósseo lingual mandibular. Caso 1 - individuo leucoderma, gênero masculino, com 52 anos, apresenta imagem solitária, na direção do segundo molar inferior esquerdo com depressão da cortical lingual. Caso 2 - individuo xantoderma, gênero masculino, 60 anos de idade, com imagens solitárias, localizadas no ramo da mandíbula. Concluiu-se que a CBCT é de relevante importância para o diagnóstico do defeito ósseo lingual da mandíbula ao permitir a visualização da relação do defeito com a cortical óssea e sua etiologia. A CBCT melhorou o detalhamento, colaborando no planejamento, tratamento e acompanhamento dos casos.
The radiology is an essential tool to oral diagnosis and has presented technological evolutions that collaborate to planning and treatment in Dentistry. The volumetric cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) presents advantages related to low radiation dose and high definition to maxillary lesions. The Stafne's cyst or lingual bone defect of mandible is more frequent at the posterior region, below the mandibular canal, and may be visualized by the CBCT. Report of cases: two clinical radiographic cases from patients with diagnosis of lingual bone defect of mandible are analyzed. Case 1 - leucoderm, male, 52 years-old, presenting solitary image close to the left second lower molar with depression of lingual cortical bone. Case 2 - xantoderm, male, 60 years-old, solitary images, located to mandibular ramus. The authors concluded the CBCT has relevant importance to diagnosis of lingual bone defect of mandible that allows visualization of the relationship between the defect with the lingual bony cortical and its etiology. The CBCT increased the detailing, collaborating to planning, treatment and follow-up of cases.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , Cone-Beam Computed TomographyABSTRACT
The internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) represents 8 percent of all cases of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) posing difficulties to establish an accurate diagnosis and treatment because of its low prevalence. This article presents the case of an 18-year-old Caucasian female patient who came to our Orofacial Pain and TMD Outpatient Service with complaints of intense pain on the right TMJ and limitation of mouth opening (maximum interincisal opening of 29 mm) with deviation to right, which she had been experiencing for the past 3 years. After a detailed clinical interview, a diagnosis hypothesis of nonreducing disc displacement with mouth opening limitation was established. The proposed treatment consisted of intra-joint infiltration with anesthetic in the right TMJ followed by jaw manipulation to recapture the articular disc, which was impeding the complete translation movement of the affected TMJ. After jaw manipulation, a new evaluation was done and showed the re-establishment of jaw dynamics with mouth opening and closing without deviation to the right side, clicking, opening limitation or pain. The patient was followed up at 6 months intervals. Two years after treatment, the patient was reevaluated and her mandibular range of motion without aid increased to 54 mm with no clicking, deviation to right, trismus or pain on the TMJ, indicating success of the treatment approach without recurrence of the pathology.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , Mouth/physiopathology , Jaw Diseases/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Appropriate diagnosis in oral medicine requires expertise, experience and the use of several other related fields. One of the important fields in this domain is oral pathology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the consistency of clinical diagnosis and pathological reports of oral lesions in patients referring to oral pathological department of Kerman dentistry school during 1995- 2004. The present research is a descriptive- analytic and retrospective study in which all of the samples referred to the pathology department in Kerman dental school during 1995 to 2004 were considered. The corresponding data were analyzed by Chi-Squire and T tests using SPSS 13.5 program for statistical analysis. The histopathologic finding and clinical diagnosis were in the same line in 432 cases [64.87%] The highest percentage of proper diagnosis was found in the eight decade with the location in gingival lesions .The lowest percentage of agreement was found in the third decade and in the lesions of mouth floor. Based on the findings of the present research, it seems that the clinical diagnosis is not consistent with pathological finding in about one third of cases. Therefore, the students should be provided with sufficient information about the importance of careful recording of the patient's characteristics and documentation of oral lesions in the charts
Subject(s)
Humans , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , Mouth Diseases/pathology , Jaw Diseases/pathology , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
O granuloma reparador de células gigantes é lesão óssea rara, correspondendo a cerca de 7 por cento de todos os tumores ósseos benignos da mandíbula, com maior incidência no sexo feminino. Embora seja considerada resposta a um trauma, este antecedente nem sempre está presente. O aspecto radiológico característico é de lesão lítica, uni ou multiloculada, com afilamento da cortical, podendo apresentar calcificações no seu interior. Neste trabalho relatamos os aspectos clínicos e radiológicos de cinco casos de granuloma reparador de células gigantes envolvendo a mandíbula e o maxilar, e as principais características que permitem o diagnóstico diferencial com outras lesões fibro-ósseas que acometem a face
Giant cell reparative granuloma is an uncommon bone lesion accounting for slightly less than 7% of all benign tumors of the jaw and affecting predominantly females. It probably represents a reparative reaction to a traumatic injury, although history of trauma is not always confirmed. The characteristic radiological feature is a uni- or multilocular lytic bone defect eroding the bone cortical and occasionally presenting with calcifications within the lesion. We report the most important clinical and radiological features observed in five patients with giant cell reparative granuloma involving the mandible and the maxillae and discuss the main aspects for the differential diagnosis with other fibro-osseous lesions that affect the facial bones.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adult , Middle Aged , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , Granuloma, Giant Cell/diagnosis , Granuloma, Giant Cell/pathology , Mandibular Diseases , Maxillary Diseases , Maxillary Neoplasms , Diagnostic Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
En el presente estudio se analizan 25 pacientes vistos en la Unidad Estomatológica del Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paul de Medellín, Colombia, y cuyas edades oscilaron entre los 2 y los 73 años, con diagnóstico clínico de osteomielitis, el cual fue corroborado tanto por los estudios radiográficos como por los histopatológicos. De los casos analizados, el 80 por ciento fue observado a nivel de la mandíbula y el 20 por ciento en el maxilar superior. Un 72 por ciento de los pacientes presentó en el momento de la consulta, fístulas activas, de las cuales el 56 por ciento eran intraorales y el 16 por ciento extraorales
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , Jaw Diseases/etiology , Jaw Diseases/therapy , Osteomyelitis/diagnosis , Osteomyelitis/etiology , Osteomyelitis/therapy , Age Distribution , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Tooth Extraction/adverse effects , Osteomyelitis , Osteomyelitis/classification , Osteomyelitis/surgery , Hyperbaric Oxygenation/methods , Sex Distribution , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Ultrasonic TherapyABSTRACT
La radiografía panorámica es un método auxiliar para el diagnóstico de las enfermedades de la cavidad bucal, siendo de vital importancia en el paciente totalmente edéntulo antes de la colocación de aparatos protésicos
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diagnosis, Oral/methods , Jaw, Edentulous , Radiography, Panoramic/methods , Alveolar Process , Jaw Diseases , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , Mouth Rehabilitation/standardsABSTRACT
El cementoma gigantiforme es una entidad rara que se presenta exclusivamente en los huesos faciales. En el presente artículo, se reporta un caso de esta lesión que se encontró en una paciente de 49 años, se presenta una revisión de la literatura y se discuten sus diferentes aspectos diagnóstico (clínicos, radiográficos y microscópicos), en relación con otras lesiones centrales de hueso que presentan características parecidas. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo el aclarar conceptos que permitan diferenciar esta entidad de las llamadas lesiones fibroóseas centrales de los maxilares
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Cementoma/diagnosis , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , BiopsyABSTRACT
O A. estudou a prevalência das doenças ósseas do complexo maxilo-mandibular e seus aspéctos clínicos. Concluiu que os dados clínicos obtidos na amostra de 445 prontuários tem as peculariedades próprias do meio estudado; que o assunto é dotado de certa complexidade e nem sempre as doenças têm o seu lugar nas classificaçöes absolutamente definido; que o assunto das lesöes fibro-cemento-ósseas benígnas apresenta no momento o terreno de maiores confusöes; que os meios de diagnóstico mais modernos näo estäo disponíveis ou näo säo usados; que o cirurgiäo-dentista quem deve se ocupar destas doenças e que o estudo epidemiológico e clínico tem importância relevante. Fornece dados que permitem avaliar a freqüência destas doenças no meio brasileiro
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Bone Diseases , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , Bone Neoplasms/diagnosisSubject(s)
Diagnosis, Oral/classification , Diagnosis, Oral/instrumentation , Diagnosis, Oral/methods , Biopsy , Biopsy , Blood Cell Count/methods , Jaw Diseases/diagnosis , Jaw Diseases , Hematology , Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Smear Layer , Cytological Techniques/classification , Cytological Techniques/instrumentationABSTRACT
O presente trabalho aborda uma revisäo da literatura no que concerne a diferentes tipos de meios de diagnóstico para lesöes ósseas centrais, analisando as suas características, vantagens, desvantagens e limitaçöes dos mesmos, com a finalidade de que o seu uso seja adequado